Florence Nightingale’s Nursing Philosophy

The nursing calling today is being perceived everywhere throughout the world because of the ongoing increment sought after for nursing experts and parental figures. Today, an ever increasing number of understudies are urged to take and seek after a nursing degree in school because of the open doors anticipating them in the clinical fieldâ€an opportunity which was started and begun quite a while in the past by a parental figure and social insurance supplier by the name of Florence Nightingale. Since Nightingale’s foundation of a solid nursing theory, the nursing practice was never the equivalent. Nightingale’s see on human services was shortsighted yet all encompassing. She accepted that medical caretakers are brought into the world with a given obligation on their shoulders to give empathetic and touchy guide magnanimously to the wiped out, to do anything inside their capacity to lighten the torments and sickness of the patients, and to help the expert specialists as well as could be expected (Kleiman). During Nightingale’s time, the ladies were encountering extraordinary segregation under the legislature of Great Britain. The legislature stifled the ladies and precluded them to contribute in any capacity to the undertakings of the state. Therefore, this pushed Nightingale to battle for her perspective as a human services supplier and demonstrate the ladies nurse’s worth (Bruner). She was extremely solid and firm on her standard which includes giving human services sacrificially paying little heed to sexual orientation, with touchy thought to the evil and the destitute. This humanistic way of thinking is the thing that guided Florence Nightingale to push through the now settled way of thinking of nursing and care giving which has been endlessly represented by her, holding a lit light which encourages the expectations of the evil. Along these lines, Nightingale’s theory is genuinely a motivation. It remains as an update for me to remain unassuming and concentrated on my future obligations as a medical attendant. It additionally helps me to remember the significance of giving social insurance without predispositions and reservationâ€anyone who looks for clinical assistance is a patient that specialists and medical attendants ought to take care of.

IIO course Free Essays

For instance, learning through experimentation how to connect with one’s life partner or one’s supervisor astutely might be costly for the individual just as for others as far as passionate vitality depleted, vocation disappointment, or broken connections. This course will take you through the aggregated knowledge on relational abilities. All things considered, insightful individuals gain from others’ experience and from the collected intelligence. We will compose a custom exposition test on IIO course or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now Learning Goals: notwithstanding the course destinations referenced above, understudies ought to hope to build up the accompanying by end of the course 1 . Dynamic Skills and Analytical Ability : A capacity to show up at a plausible rules for Implementation of a choice among a lot of similarly serious prospects : through quantitative and/or subjective examination of information and relevant data/industry investigation . Basic Analysis and Creative Communication Skills: Each understudy ought to have the option to recognize key issues pertinent to this course, build up a point of view upheld by remotely got/educator gave data ; ability to recognize major, minor, fringe and superfluous factors just as exogenous and endogenous factors ; and introduce and protect the choice showed up at dependent on the appraisal rules previously settled. . Relational Communication and Group Working Ability: Each understudy is required to exhibit a capacity to acknowledge peer bunch part see point and work In group condition, lifting up an away from of Individual jobs and errands, capacity to Identify and resolve Required Text Book: Hunter, J. C. (1998). The worker: A basic anecdote about the genuine quintessence of authority (p. 187). New York: Crown Business. Extra Readings: according to course plot EVALUATION COMPONENTS: Components of Course Evaluation Percentage Distribution Class Participation You should come to class completely arranged with each session’s endorsed readings finished (arranged methods being equipped for beginning an informed conversation or responding to the facilitator’s inquiries in class on any segment). A profound and careful comprehension of the necessary readings is normal. Readiness will be tried separately by posing inquiries to certain understudies. On the off chance that you can't address questions sufficiently, you will lose 5 rate purposes of the weighted for this course each time you neglect to respond to an inquiry brought by the staff up in the class (this implies in the event that you neglect to respond to four inquiries in class, you will lose the whole 20% for class support). In addition, for every meeting you should sum up your bits of knowledge n the type of a short sentence/expression of not more than 140-characters (counting spaces). This â€Å"tweet† for every meeting must be submitted on the web connect gave to you before 0600 hours upon the arrival of the meeting. The tweet must not be gotten from any of the endorsed readings, yet is an outline of your bits of knowledge from the readings. Try not to impart your tweet to other people in the event that at least two understudies have fundamentally the same as or same tweets, at that point every single concerned understudy will lose all imprints for their accommodation. Tests (There will be one test toward the finish of the course, which will incorporate just little-decision inquiries with h negative stamping). 80% Total 100 COURSE MATERIAL AND HANDOUTS: Soft duplicates obviously material including contextual analyses will be transferred in the writing board. Printed versions will be circulated preceding the class and will be accessible at asset focus SESSION WISE TOPICS AND READINGS: meeting NO-I Session Title Introduction understudies find out about initiative through assistance to other people. Diary of Business Ethics, 15 (1), 103-110. Instructional method Lecture and Discussion Session No-2 Session Title Introduction to Karma-Yoga Reading Material Karma in its impact on character. Karma-Yoga, 1-12. Tracker Prologue. Instructional method Lecture and Discussion Session No-3 Session Title Leadership and Power Reading Material Hunter Chapter 1 (The Definitions). What is obligation? Karma-Yoga, 52-64. Teaching method Lecture and Discussion Session No-4 Session Title Introduction to Servant Leadership Reading Material Hunter Chapter 2 (The old worldview) Hunter Chapter 3 (The model). Instructional method Lecture and Discussion Session No-5 Session Title Love and Leadership Reading Material Hunter Chapter 4 (The action word). We help ourselves, not the world. Karma-Yoga, 65-77. Meeting No-6 Session Title Managing the Environment Reading Material Hunter Chapter 5 (nature) Hunter Chapter 6 (The decision). Meeting No-7 Session Title Why lead? Perusing Material Hunter Chapter 7 (The result Hunter Epilog The perfect of Karma-Yoga. Karma-Yoga, 117-131. Participation Regularity in Attendance Regular participation is considered critical in the BGP. All understudies along these lines, must consent on customary participation in class. The general finding of having participation of under 60% (regardless of clinical testaments) will not be allowed to show up for the assessment in that term/scholastic year and will convey â€Å"F† read in the course. Establishment utilizes biometric participation for recording participation of understudies. In case of two persistent meetings, understudies are required to punch twice toward the start of every meeting if there is a break in the middle of the meetings. The study hall entryways will be shut inside 5 minutes of starts for every meeting. Understudy participation will be a segment while evaluating them for the course. On the off chance that the teacher wishes to take physical participation alongside the Biometric participation, they will impart the equivalent in the class. For this situation additionally Biometric participation sick be the official record (and not the physical participation) for the course. Teachers have been encouraged to report about constant non-attendants (ongoing non-attendant is characterized as understudies missing in the class for multiple classes successively). Unapproved nonattendance from class/organization will be viewed as a penetrate of order and the Institute will be allowed to make suitable move in such cases. A similar understudy will be approached to confront disciplinary advisory group. Understudies won't be given any participation for any board of trustees related exercises which warrants them to drop from the class. They are required to attempt all advisory group related work past class hours. Under extra-customary conditions, understudies may get time away under the accompanying principles and systems: Prior consent of the Director BGP must be gotten for benefiting of leave. Understudies are not allowed to leave station during the terms. In case of understudies visiting their nearby watchman for overnight remain, they should advise the Director BGP and adman office (Officer responsible for lodgings) and just travel in the wake of accepting a legitimate door pass. On the off chance that an understudy is seen to be out of station for the time being thou any suggestion to the Director BGP, disciplinary move will be made against him/her to the degree of suspending the understudy from showing up in the assessments. If there should be an occurrence of affliction, clinical testament gave as well as countersigned by the specialist alongside the recommended application structure must be submitted to the BGP Office inside 3 days of Joining classes after sickness. No understudy will be permitted to Join the program except if he/she presents a clinical wellness testament appropriately supported by a Medical Officer of the assigned emergency clinic as it were. No clinical declarations from specialists there than the Institute endorsed medical clinic will be engaged. Institute’s endorsed hospital’s Medical Officers will give clinical authentications just if there should be an occurrence of analyzed ailment where they are persuaded that the understudy is too sick to even think about attending classes. These incorporate hospitalizing, transferable sicknesses (chicken-pox, jaundice and typhoid) and unintentional wounds (breaks, profound injuries). Cases relying upon the truly of the case by the BGP Director. Anyway no compensatory participation and assessment will be held for the time of leave. Understudies will be granted evaluations based on their participation level and reference just in the classes from which they were available. Before applying for leave to the Director BGP an understudy should contact his/her course teachers to guarantee that he/she isn't feeling the loss of any tests or assessments during the leave time frame. The BGP Office or the workforce concerned won't be answerable for the understudy losing any fragment of assessment because of his/her leave. No compensatory open door will be given for tests and different study hall put together parts with respect to record of leave of any sort. Participation and Performance Grade Penalty Each understudy is relied upon to go to at least 80% of classes in each course. The evaluation punishment will be forced on all the understudies who don't meet the base 80% participation necessities in each course in the accompanying way: Attendance of Student Performance Grade Penalty More than or equivalent to 70% yet short of what One evaluation drop (e. G. From A to A-) More than or equivalent to however under 70% Two evaluation drop (e. . From A to B+) Less than 60% F evaluation will be granted If an understudy gets D grade in a specific course and furthermore gets an evaluation drop because of participation deficiency, ‘D’ will turn into a ‘F’ grade. In the event that an understudy neglects to meet the predetermined participation prerequisite, his/her evaluation in the ind ividual course(s) would be requested by the Director BGP as per the evaluation punishment rules set down above. Leaving and Entering Students are relied upon to stay in the homeroom, be intellectually alert, and take an interest in the class procedures for the term. In the event that an understudy must leave ahead of schedule for unavoidable reasons, that understudy ought to get consent from the educator before the class starts. Leaving and returning the class isn't allowed, with the exception of under remarkable conditions. Employees may cross check the participation and if an understudy is discovered missing in the clas

The Intent Behind Alcoholics Anonymous Step 11

The Intent Behind Alcoholics Anonymous Step 11 Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Print The Intent Behind Alcoholics Anonymous Step 11 How do atheists and agnostics view step 11s religious overtones? By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on May 18, 2018 A Look at Step 11. © Getty Images More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Overcoming Addiction Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) 12-step program as described in the The Big Book, AAs guide for people recovering from alcoholism, has many references to God and religious themes, and step 11 is no different. In a nutshell, step 11 says to discover the plan God, as you understand him, has for your life and find the power to carry it out. AA states it is non-religious but rather spiritual in design, and as its cornerstone, members should find a higher purpose or higher power. God can be described as a religious being, or for atheists and agnostics, it can simply mean the group dynamic experienced as a member at an AA meeting or even another individual. Review of Step 11 Step 11Sought through prayer and meditation to improve our conscious contact with God as we understood Him, praying only for knowledge of His will for us and the power to carry that out. Spiritual Rather Than Religious For many in recovery, whether it is Alcoholics Anonymous or Al-Anon Family Groups, the concept of spirituality can be unfamiliar, lost or rejected. If you seek solace in a bottle or in bars, you may have other problems going such as a broken relationship or crumbling marriage, a criminal history or generally, a life in turmoil. Even for those who have had an upbringing in a  church, you may find that your experience was more religious and prescriptive rather than spiritual. For most who are earnest in working the 12 steps, by the time you arrive at step 11 you may discover a measure of spirituality at work in your life. For many AA members, they say they have discovered their higher power and form a better understanding of that power. Prayer or Meditation for Guidance The approaches and methods of prayer and meditation suggested in step 11 vary, but the purpose of the step is to connect with that higher power. Some prefer to call the higher power God, others avoid the G-word altogether. The point is AA members discover through participation in the program that there is a power greater than themselves, and they have seen that power at work. As members accept the serenity principle that Nothing, absolutely nothing happens in Gods world by mistake there is an acknowledgment of a higher power, and there is a plan for their lives. Through prayer and meditation, members can attempt to raise their consciousness of that power and draw on it to continue their personal journey of recovery. How Does a Person Who Is Atheist or Agnostic Pray? As suggested by the Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation, you can pray or meditate by being still, quiet, stopping, reflecting and listening to your thoughts. You can plan your day in an orderly way. Ask yourself, God, or a higher power for the right answers to get you through the day. In moments of confusion or unbalance, stop, ask yourself or the higher power for the right way to proceed. Understand it, visualize it, go on. For many this is self-reflection, for others, this is asking God for guidance. The end result usually turns out the same.

Changing from Base 10 to Base 2 in Mathematics

Suppose we have a number in base 10 and want to find out how to represent that number in, say, base 2. How do we do this? Well, there is a simple and easy method to follow. Let’s say I want to write 59 in base 2. My first step is to find the largest power of 2 that is less than 59.So let’s go through the powers of 2: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64. Okay, 64 is larger than 59 so we take one step back and get 32. 32 is the largest power of 2 that is still smaller than 59. How many â€Å"whole† (not partial or fractional) times can 32 go into 59? It can go in only once because 2 x 32 64 which is larger than 59. So, we write down a 1. 1 Now, we subtract 32 from 59: 59 – (1)(32) 27. And we move to the next lower power of 2. In this case, that would be 16. How many full times can 16 go into 27? Once. So we write down another 1 and repeat the process. 1 1 27 – (1)(16) 11. The next lowest power of 2 is 8.How many full times can 8 go into 11?Once. So we write down another 1. 111 11 11 – (1)(8) 3. The next lowest power of 2 is 4.How many full times can 4 go into 3?Zero.So, we write down a 0. 1110 3 – (0)(4) 3. The next lowest power of 2 is 2.How many full times can 2 go into 3?Once. So, we write down a 1. 11101 3 – (1)(2) 1. And finally, the next lowest power of 2 is 1. How many full times can 1 go into 1?Once. So, we write down a 1. 111011 1 – (1)(1) 0. And now we stop since our next lowest power of 2 is a fraction.This means we have fully written 59 in base 2. Exercise Now, try converting the following base 10 numbers into the required base 16 into base 416 into base 230 in base 449 in base 230 in base 344 in base 3133 in base 5100 in base 833 in base 219 in base 2 Solutions 1001000013211000110101122101314410000110011

Suffering Is A Universal Phenomenon That Nobody Can Escape

Suffering is a universal phenomenon that nobody can escape. â€Å"Every second, people are murdered, tortured, beaten, maimed, separated from their loved ones† (Ricard 35). And even though it is â€Å"an intrinsic part of our daily lives†, it is often ignored in the conversation of happiness because happiness and suffering are perceived to be polar opposite states of being. (Ricard 35). Scholars would argue that one is simply the absence of the other. Stoic philosophers emphasize the importance of enduring suffering, suggesting that suffering does not impact happiness outside of being an obstacle. However, other scholars would argue that suffering is involved in the integral process of achieving happiness implying that suffering does play a role in happiness and that it is not so disconnected in relation to happiness as it is often believed to be. So then, this brings up the question: What role does suffering play in happiness? The answer to that is that suffering can serve as an instrument to either enhance or achieve happiness if the mind responds to suffering in a reflective manner or detract from happiness if the mind lacks this reflective element. The mind is an important factor in both happiness and suffering since people are resilient to outside influences and changing circumstances. According to Sonja Lyubomirsky, a professor of psychology, â€Å"changes in our circumstances, no matter how positive and stunning, actually have little bearing on our well-being† (Lyubomirsky 186).Show MoreRelatedUncle Tom s Cabin, By Harriet Beecher Stowe1381 Words   |  6 Pagesnineteenth-century melodrama of cruelty, suffering, religious devotion, broken homes, and improbable reunions. The plot in brief: the slave Uncle Tom is sold away from his cabin and family on the Shelby plantation in Kentucky; he serves the St. Clare family in Louisiana, from which he is sold after the death of Eva and her father; he lands at the Legree plantation on the Red River where he is whipped to death rather than betray two runaway slaves. Meanwhile some slaves escape (Eliza on ice floes across theRead MoreThe Boiling Frog Theory on Population6400 Word s   |  26 PagesThe Boiling Frog Theory on Population Systems thinkers have given us a useful metaphor for a certain kind of human behavior in the phenomenon of the boiled frog. The phenomenon is this. If you drop a frog in a pot of boiling water, it will of course frantically try to clamber out. But if you place it gently in a pot of tepid water and turn the heat on low, it will float there quite placidly. As the water gradually heats up, the frog will sink into a tranquil stupor, exactly like one of us in aRead MoreThe Bhopal Tragedy23347 Words   |  94 Pagesthis mechanism was managed to turn on but it was too late. Most of the gases had already passed this line. The Scrubber that located near the storage tank with pipe-lines. Scrubber systems are a diverse group of air pollution control devices that can be used to remove some particulates or gases from industrial exhaust steams. Scrubbers are one of the primary devices that control gaseous emissions, especially acid gases.. It is important to know the type of chemical and its neutralizer is crucialRead MorePuritanism in the Scarlet Letter6423 Words   |  26 Pagessociety. It told the story like this. In the early 1640s, Hester has come to the small town of Boston, Massachusetts, from Great Britain, while her husband, Chillingworth has left to deal with something .But after then, there is no news about him and nobody know whether he is alive or not for two years. Then Hester and Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale, the towns priest, engages in the act of adultery and produce a baby girl named Pearl. Although only Hester know that Dimmesdale is the father, she has promisedRead MorePuritanism in the Scarlet Letter6430 Words   |  26 Pagessociety. It told the story like this. In the early 1640s, Hester has come to the small town of Boston, Massachusetts, from Great Britain, while her husband, Chillingworth has left to deal with something .But after then, there is no news about him and nobody know whether he is alive or not for two years. Then Hester and Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale, the towns priest, engages in the act of adultery and produce a baby girl named Pearl. 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Yes, that Anna during that time was . . .    [Another blank line across the page:](2) The bias of compulsory heterosexuality, through which lesbian experience is perceived on a scale ranging from deviantRead MorePolitical Situation in Pakistan14875 Words   |  60 Pagessub-continent. There is an obvious connection between them. Of whatever sorts the crisis may be and whether simple or manifold, the situation has, to be understood properly. The world in which we live is moving towards a culmination, which might be a universal catastrophe. It will not be just another Dien Bien Phu. This is the difference between Dien Bien Phu and the present crisis, between 1954 and 1968. We arc on the edge of a precipice. Below lies the valley of death. Must we let ourselves fall intoRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesfor the word Gorilla in the Yellow Pages of the telephone book, and the problem here is not that you used a telephone book instead of the Internet. 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Music Business Merchandising and Law Free Essays

string(137) " Nationally marketed artists have dealings with thousands of people that are related to the marketing and distribution of their product\." Discuss how the Music Business is a system comprised of principle subsystems. There are several key components to the success of an artist in the music business. These components support one another, and enable each to complete tasks that are designed to further the marketability of an artist or group. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Business Merchandising and Law or any similar topic only for you Order Now One such component, or subsystem, is the agent. The agent acts as the legal representative of an artist. This person, or company, manages all of the legal issues associated with an artist’s image and career. Agents, typically, are the face of the artist to the business world. These agents meet with promoters, and venue owners to secure the performance rights, and facilitate touring. They also ask as mediators between the artist and publishing companies to ensure that all legal issues are addressed, and that the transfer of the artist’s created materials are handled in the proper manner. Another aspect of the agent’s responsibility is to maintain and negotiate contracts for the artist, with their respective parent companies. This is to ensure that the artist receives all the proper representation that is required to ensure that the contracts that the artists are bound by are fair, and ethical. The next subsystem is the parent company itself. Often referred to simply as the â€Å"label†, record companies are the binding source of power within the music business. The label is the enterprise which holds the contracts, oversees promotion, ensures distribution, and holds the records on taxes, royalties, and payments to the artist and all his/her employees. Record companies range in size, depending on the scope of their enterprise. Small or independent companies typically handle and short list of clients, and are able reach a limited area for the release. The larger companies are multinational conglomerations that hold interests in hundreds of artist. These companies are able to reach markets the world over. They also, typically, oversee a wide range of music business genres. The next part of the equation is the distributor. It is the job and obligation of the record distributor to procure the reproduction rights of an artist, produce large quantities of the product, and ensure that the product is available for the public demand. Just as the record company, record distributors range in size and scope. With the small companies reaching a localized market, and the larger, international companies, reaching every market available, the distributors serve the record companies directly. Though they are dealing in the product of an artist, they rarely deal directly with them. It has only been in recent years that the Music Business has had the ability to find and foster increasing numbers of qualified leaders. The music business, though in existence for centuries, has only in the past few decades created an environment that fosters a profitable medium. The earliest professional musicians were limited to audiences of royalty, and noble elites – for they alone possessed the wealth enough to pay for such extravagances. This early form of the music business was also limited by the desire of the leading nobles or royalty in the scope of content and style. The musicians, such as Mozart, in his day, were allowed to create only what was pleasing to the royal court – and profited very little from it. However, in the 20th century, artists began to see a freedom that had eluded them in the past. With the increasingly large audience base in the United States, artists from multiple genres were able to procure livable wages in town halls and theaters. Following World War I, there was a large outcry for artistic expression in the arts in the United States – and a boom of employment followed. The era of the Big Band, saw music leaders, such as Duke Ellington, tour the entire country – playing their own music and earning their own wages. This boom in musical freedom peaked in the 1950’s with the rise of â€Å"Rock and Roll† – and such artists as Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis and Roy Orbison. The late fifties, though socially repressed, saw the first millionaires rise from the music industry – and along with them, the rise of the industry itself. The era of Sun Records, in Memphis Tennessee, showed the music world that vast amounts of income that could be generated with a properly maintained and well organized corporate entity. The number of record companies increased drastically, and by the early 1960’s there were dozens of large scale companies operating the in United States. The next big step came in the form of British artists. The arrival of The Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and other English groups into the United States, opened the door for the first multinational company holdings. The rights of these groups to perform and sell their records within the United States meant that American companies had to hold part of their ownership. Soon this would lead to the expansion of American companies to other countries, to acquire the artists directly, and increase the profitability – by eliminating the shared contracts. Today, we see companies such as Sony, Viacom and Time Warner, as companies that are reaching every part of the globe, and dealing with not only music, but all ranges of entertainment arenas. These world wide conglomerations hold interest in hundreds and thousands of entertainers each, and command vast amounts of yearly income from the music business alone. Discuss the emphasis placed on the fact that Performing Arts Professionals rely heavily on a full staffed support system to gain and sustain success. The amount of legal issues that govern an artist today is nearly as expansive as the United States tax code – which is also one of the many things that must be dealt with. The time that is necessary to maintain accurate records, deal with all of the promoters, distributors, lawyers, and agents would be impossible for a single person, or even a small group of people, to undertake. Nationally marketed artists have dealings with thousands of people that are related to the marketing and distribution of their product. This is why the music industry has created several specific positions that are intended to deal directly with each facet of an artist’s career. There are tour managers who deal directly with local promoters and venue owners to schedule events and solidify contractual necessities. There are also public relations agents who deal with the entertainment press and ensure that all the necessary information about an artist is available for public knowledge – or in some cases, unavailable. There are also entertainment lawyers whose job it is to ensure that all of the issues that involve the artist are dealt with accordingly. These issues may include copyrights, ownership of the material, and/or the transfer of these from one party to another. Another very important part of an artist’s career management team would be the accountant. As we have seen with artists such as Willie Nelson and others, improperly managed income can result in terrible personal and economic costs to the artist. The amount of time that is necessary for this task to be maintained successfully, in the cases of especially large acts, is hundreds of hours per week – of course impossible for the artist to worry about and still maintain a career in music. Finally, there are the people whose job it is to ensure that every recorded track is perfect, and marketable – the producer. Today’s recording technology is vastly more complex and sensitive than was seen even twenty years ago. The expertise that is necessary to operate and adjust the sound boards for a recording artist takes years of training within itself. Some of these producers, such as Bob Rock and Jermaine Dupri, have as much recognition as the artists that they support. They are also some of the highest paid professionals within the music business – as they often hold a large percentage of the finished product’s copyright and therefore, profits. What are the FOUR FACTORS which represent the essential core foundation contributing to the success of those who â€Å"win† in the Music Business? The first factor is marketability. This is the ability of an artist to create a body of work that is acceptable to the largest possible audience. The more people who would listen to an artist’s chosen style, the easier it is to sell and profit from that style. The term â€Å"Pop Music† is the very definition of this. With artists today such as Jessica Simpson and Kelly Clarkson, who produce mainstream music that pushes few boundaries, the ability for the record companies to market these artists is greatly increased. Next would be the playability of an artist. This is the ability for an artist to be broadcasted on radio stations and television networks. It is important that an artist be able to be broadcasted on national radio stations to ensure that the artist is heard by the largest possible number of people – thereby increasing the possible number of record buyers. There are acceptations to this rule, however. Groups such as Korn and Pantera have each had number one records in the United States – with little or no airplay. This leads to the next factor – touring. Touring is the best tool that an artist can utilize to see that their work is seen by the public. Tours are usually very profitable ventures, the most often the source of greatest amounts of income for the artist or group. Tours also enable the buying public to see, first hand, the musical ability and entertainment value of an artist. Some artists, such as the Grateful Dead and Phish, never had large numbers of record sales, however their non-stop touring schedules ensured them a strong fan following and large profitability. Both bands also used a tactic that brought them much success as artists, but not as enterprises, the use of bootlegged recordings. They allowed audience members to record their performances and sell them on their own, without fear of reprisal. This created a strong fan solidarity, but most certainly contributed to their low actual album sales. Finally, there is the factor of performance, itself. No artist or group could maintain a career without an enjoyable and entertaining performance. The necessity for performance is at the root of an artist’s success. Combining talent, creation and execution in the proper construct will make for a successful artist. As seen with groups such as The Door, who were arguably the most intellectual group of the 1960’s, saw their popularity plummet as the drug and alcohol induced antics of front man, Jim Morrison, became belligerent and sometimes, combative to the audience. The Business of Music: This encapsulates the sum total of all issues that are involved in the recording, marketing, and obtaining of profit from music. The enterprise of music involves thousands of titles and positions that work to ensure the profit of an artist or group. Though, sometimes seen as the driving force behind musical trends, the business of music is intended to see that all possible musical endeavors are profitable and lucrative. The New Professionals: This is a description of groups of people who have left their original positions – such as lawyers, doctors, or CEOs etc. – to become involved with the music business. These people are shown an opportunity to capitalize on an artist or venture relating to the industry and have the resources to embrace it. Though not always long term, these professionals see the allure of the music business in much the same way as the artist. The desire for fame and fortune inspire these professionals to endeavor to make their fortunes in this business. Often taking to the production chair, or the marketing position, these people attempt to create a sustainable income promoting, producing, or investing an artist or group. Versatility: This is the ability of company to encompass multiple genres within their network. This ability allows for a single company to reach a diverse audience and increase the sales numbers of the company itself. Also, this enables a company to reach an audience with a diverse selection of musical tastes. For example, should a prospective record buyer feel that the standards of a company are high; they may pursue an artist from the same company, but outside of their normal listening area. This also allows for a single company to manage markets in multiple countries. Sony, for example, is a company bases in Japan, with holdings in many countries, in including the United States. Their diverse distribution enables Sony to sell to countries with different languages, genres, and preferred media. Job Floating: This is a term used to describe an artist who has yet to sign to a set contract, but has a marketable body of work. Much like â€Å"Free Agency† in professional sports, Job Floating is the passing of an artist from one agent or producer to another, in hopes that this artist would either sign to the company, or record their project with a reputable producer. This allows a record company to obtain distribution rights to an artist’s work without that artist signing a committing contract with that company. This option increases the ability for a company to reach the independent markets, as well as the mainstream. Education: Education in the music business is the acquisition of knowledge that better prepares the individual for all of the possible eventualities that arise within the industry. Just as with any other business venture, preparedness is essential to success. An individual receives this education from any one of dozens of colleges or technical schools that offer such courses. These schools, such as Art Instruction Schools, International, offer in-depth courses that revolve around the information needed to succeed. â€Å"Commercial† side of Music Industry: This is the area of the music business that is solely interested in the profit of a musical venture. These projects are often called â€Å"jingles† and used in advertisements and television commercials. The artists that are employed in these ventures often differ from the mainstream artists, in that they do not attempt to create an artistic expression, but rather a short, and very memorable tune that can be easily identified with a certain product. These ventures are also not intended for wide consumption. They are intended for short lived, commercial endeavors that seek to increase the sales of a product or service, outside of the music industry. Bibliography Ream, Rundi. â€Å"The Songwriter’s Guild of America†. SGA.COM. 2004.    Online access: 29  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   March 2008. URL:    http://www.songwritersguild.com/index.html â€Å"International Alliance for Women in Music†. IAWM.COM. 2006.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Online Access: 29  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   March 2008. URL: http://www.iawm.org/ Whitsett, Tim. â€Å"The Dictionary of Music Business Terms†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mixbooks. New York. 1998.    How to cite Music Business Merchandising and Law, Essay examples

Connotation and Denotation Essay Example

Connotation and Denotation Paper Denotation Literary definition of a word or the dictionary definition Example of Denotation Snake-any of numerous scaly, legless, sometimes venomous reptiles Connotation What you emotionally relate to a word. Example of Connotation Snake-could mean evil or danger

Learned behaviors-feral children and other cultures

Learned behaviors-feral children and other cultures Free Online Research Papers The study of feral children offers evidence that all of our behaviours as human beings is learnt. The feral children were afraid of artificial light, living in the forests they were not used to artificial light, in fact they preferred the darkness they could see more better as they were used to it. They were afraid of humans and kept a good distance and did not show any affection, attraction or curiosity towards humans because the only time they were ever in contact with them, the humans probably had guns and were shooting at the wolfs and seeing the wolfs always keeping a distance between them they did the same. They did not use any tools not even a stick because they lived with wolfs they were not shown how to use any tools. They did not walk upright they walked on both theirs hands and feet because the wolfs walked like that they tried to imitate the wolfs. They did not laugh, sing or show any emotions again as they were with wolfs they didnt learn how to, which is evidence that characteristics such as laughing and singing is learnt. They did not use any language, make any noise or gestures to communicate, they did not point at any thing or directions, or even nod their head in agreement or disagreement. Again as they were living with wolfs they did not speak or communicate in any language because the wolfs didnt speak the feral children did the same. They ate by pushing their faces into the food and drank by lapping from a bowl. The feral children imitated how the wolfs would eat they would eat live animals. All the characteristics and behaviours the feral children portrayed were all learnt. The study of feral children shows how important the environment and surroundings are and who your brought up by makes a huge difference. One planet, different world. By the Indian tribe offering and making tea it shows how it is a common practice offering tea to your guests, although in different societies it might be done in different ways such as offering sweets instead of tea, The significance is not the tea but in offering the tea, it is a way of expressing glad tidings to your guest that they are welcome. By the Indian tribe walking naked, It should not be seen as something strange or peculiar because to them it is normal it might be due to the hot weather but you must understand they have always seen each other naked all the time so for them to see someone not naked would be strange. For them it is normal. Research Papers on Learned behaviors-feral children and other culturesEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenGenetic Engineering19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementHip-Hop is ArtThe Spring and AutumnThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseWhere Wild and West MeetThe Hockey Game

Juan Gris, Spanish Cubist Painter

Juan Gris, Spanish Cubist Painter Juan Gris (1887-1927) was a Spanish painter who lived and worked in Paris, France, for most of his adult life. He was one of the most significant cubist artists. His work followed the development of the style through all of its stages. Fast Facts: Juan Gris Full Name: Jose Victoriano Gonzalez-PerezOccupation: PainterStyle: CubismBorn: March 23, 1887 in Madrid, SpainDied: May 11, 1927 in Paris, FranceEducation: Madrid School of Arts and SciencesSpouses: Lucie Belin, Charlotte (Josette) HerpinChild: Georges Gonzalez-GrisSelected Works: Portrait of Pablo Picasso (1912), Still Life with Checkered Tablecloth (1915), Coffee Grinder (1920)Notable Quote: You are lost the moment you know what the result will be. Early Life and Career Born in Madrid, Spain, Juan Gris studied engineering at the Madrid School of Arts and Sciences. He was an outstanding student, but his heart was not in academia. Instead, he chose to focus on the drawing skills that came naturally. In 1904, he began to study with the artist Jose Moreno Carbonero, a past instructor of Salvador Dali and Pablo Picasso. Hulton Archive / Getty Images After adopting the name Juan Gris in 1905, the artist moved to Paris, France. He would stay there for most of the rest of his life after having avoided Spanish military service. In Paris, he encountered some of the leading artists of the emerging avant-garde scene including Henri Matisse, Georges Braque, and Pablo Picasso, as well as American writer Gertrude Stein, who would become a collector of Gris work. During the period, Gris contributed satirical drawings to a wide range of Parisian journals. Cubist Painter In 1911, Juan Gris began to seriously focus on his painting. His initial works reflect the emerging cubist style. Pablo Picasso led the early development of cubism along with French artist Georges Braque. Gris considered Picasso an important mentor, but Gertrude Stein wrote that Juan Gris was the only person whom Picasso wished away. Portrait of Pablo Picasso (1912). Corbis Historical / Getty Images Gris exhibited at the Barcelona Exposicio dArt Cubista in 1912, considered the first group exhibition of cubist artists. His early cubist works are in the style of analytical cubism pioneered by Picasso and Braque. The 1912 Portrait of Picasso is an example of this approach. However, within two years, he focused on synthetic cubism, which used collage techniques extensively. The 1915 Still Life with Checkered Tablecloth illustrates the change. Crystal Cubism The outbreak of World War I in 1914 disrupted the life and work of Juan Gris. Gertrude Stein provided him with financial assistance, and he spent time at Henri Matisses studio in the south of France. In 1916, Gris signed a contract with French art dealer Leonce Rosenberg which helped solidify his financial future. Coffee Grinder (1920). Heritage Images / Getty Images Juan Gris simplification of the geometrical structure of his paintings in late 1916 is a distilled version of cubism. He also blurs the distinction between the background and the central object in the picture. This style has been called crystal cubism. Many observers see the technique as the logical extension of developments in cubism. The first major solo exhibition of the work of Juan Gris took place in Paris in 1919. He also participated in the final major exhibit of cubist painters at the Salon des Independents in Paris in 1920. Later Career In the months following the end of World War I in 1919, Juan Gris became ill from the lung disease pleurisy. He traveled to Bandol on the southeastern coast of France to recuperate. There, he met Russian ballet patron Serge Diaghilev, founder of the Ballets Russes. Juan Gris designed sets and costumes for the dance troupe from 1922 through 1924. La Liseuse (1926). Heritage Images / Getty Images More major international exhibitions followed from 1923 through 1925. During the period, Gris enjoyed the greatest fame that he would know during his lifetime. He delivered the lecture, Des possibilites de la peinture at the Sorbonne in 1924. It outlined his major aesthetic theories. Unfortunately, Gris health continued to decline. In 1925, he began to suffer from cardiac and kidney disease. Juan Gris died of kidney failure at age 40 in 1927. Legacy Still Life with Checkered Tablecloth (1915). Metropolitan Museum of Art / Wikimedia Commons / Creative Commons 1.0 While Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque are given credit for first developing the cubist style, Juan Gris is one of the most distinctive artists who devoted his career to the development of the movements theories. Artists ranging from Salvador Dali to Joseph Cornell acknowledged their debts to the innovations of Juan Gris. His use of brand logos and newspaper type anticipated the development of Pop Art a generation later. Source Green, Christopher. Juan Gris. Yale University Press, 1993.

Richard Frethorne, Letter to his Parents (1623) Essay

Richard Frethorne, Letter to his Parents (1623) - Essay Example One may also deduce from Frethorne’s letter that the masters do not care about the welfare of the indentured servants. The author of the letter reveals that the sick receive no medication at all. In addition, they have to wake up very early in the morning and work until very late. After a day’s toil, the indentured servants were appreciated with a mouthful of water, gruel, bread and beef (Frethorne 1). Although the servant does not talk about the conditions they were promised directly, one can observe that the shock they receive upon arrivals speaks contrary to their expectation. It would appear that they were promised a life full of bliss such that they did everything to come to the US. The sad and disappointed tone in Frethorne’s letter reveal what seems to be a betrayal. It points out to a possible breach of promise by their masters. The ill-treatment of the indentured servants reveals that the elite viewed this source of labor with contempt and little care. The health, conditions and general well-being of the indentured servants was the least of the master’s concerns (American History 1). It appears the demand was high such that labor was oversubscribed. Naturally, when supply is too high, demand and supply goes down. That is the reason the masters never cared about the indentured servants, as they knew they would easily sign up others. Frethorne reveals that the masters do not even buy for them clothes despite the harsh weather. One of the fellow servants ends up stealing Frethorne’s cloak so that he could buy something and eat. The servant observes that the masters have turned a blind ear to their suffering. He observes that their lives were marked pain, groans and tears. The shocking situation that awaited indentured servants was so severe that many of them were fed on close to a day’s meal over the week. Owing to these, many indentured servants like Frethorne longed for their return

Anorexia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Anorexia - Research Paper Example Anorexia nervosa may be characterized as when a person refuses to maintain his body weight of at least 85% of the expected weight that he should have according to his body mass index. Individuals tend to display a great sense of fear of putting on weight and literally have a phobia of ‘getting fatter’. They may also exhibit a much-distorted image of what is a perfect body type to them and reduce their intake of food to an alarming extent in order to stay thin. Moreover, in many young girls, an irregular menstrual cycle or an absence of the same can be a characteristic of anorexia or even reduced appetite and eating. Many people suffering from anorexia eat in front of other people in order to not let their problem out in the open, but often vomit out their food, exhibiting signs of bulimia, or abuse themselves by taking laxatives to take out the food from their body. Extreme weight loss accompanied with fainting and an abnormal blood count is the first symptoms of the eat ing disorder and if parents see these signs in their children then they should be alarmed and take necessary recourse in order to counter the problem.There are societies where it is alright to be thin and anorexia as an eating disorder is not given much thought to because parents think it alright for their children to lose weight and look good in society. Losing weight by exercising while eating necessary healthy foods is a perfectly viable option for a young adult but in no society should suffering from an eating disorder be considered okay.

Discuss the way in which the following passage presents Paddy Clarkes :: English Literature

Discuss the way in which the following passage presents Paddy Clarke's response to the world in which he is growing up. How characterists of the whole novel are the techniques that Roddy Doyle employs in the passage? Throughout this passage, p53 - p55, you can identify that the author, Roddy Doyle uses several techniques in which to show how the world is developing around the young ten year old Paddy Clarke and how he responds to these changes. Doyle does this in numerous ways, initially and most importantly by what the young boy talks about. On page 53, the paragraph beginning with, 'Snails and Slugsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦' you can identify that Paddy Clarke is very young, you can easily distinguish this because of the topics he mentions and how he introduces them. This is evident in the opening paragraph. In this section he manages to talk about at least three dissimilar topics, this indicates that he cannot structure his speech probably. Doyle does this incredibly well because you can see that he is trying to state as many things as possible, signifying that he is still a young boy and maybe quite confused because of the events that are taking place around him, for instance the separation of his father and mother. So overall the opening paragraph is quite chaotic, for this to occur Doyle introduce several non - secquiters, meaning, when you go off at a tangent. 'Picked him up with a towel and gave him a decent burial. The real name for soccer was association football'. This takes place throughout. Secondly the topics he talks about are quite normal for a ten-year-old boy, they are almost quite simple subjects, slugs, football and Indians are all mentioned immediately. This is a very good technique implied by Doyle because it just shows how young he is. Doyle does is very effectively and he manages to keep this going throughout the novel, for instance when the lady farted, quite simple subjects that keep Paddy amused. Doyle's use of language is also extremely effective, it again indicates, how young the boy is and how he may seem quite confused following the events that are circulating his life. Overall the language is quite simple; 'a sad old woman' phrases like this emphasize that, but in some circumstances the language does become more structured, 'he was riding hunched down sideways on his horse so that others couldn't fire their arrows at him'. For a ten year old, this is quite a complex sentence; this may indicate that he could be rather serious and even sad because of his parents divorce. In my opinion I believe he likes to occupy himself in-order not to think

Reading Comprehension Essay

Introduction The main objective of this study is to know the common problems of students in reading comprehension specifically the Grade 7 section A students of San Roque National High School. Reading comprehension is one of the problems faced by learners nowadays. Goodman defined reading as â€Å" a receptive psycholinguistic process wherein the actor uses strategies to create meaning from text† (Goodman, 1998). In a classroom setting, reading is one of the effective ways for learners to catch up with the lesson at ease. But in some cases, students find difficulties in the reading process and cause them to understand a certain text. Anderson and Freebody (1981, 1983) stated that vocabulary knowledge of a certain individual makes an important contribution to reading comprehension. Therefore, this is also the fact that makes the students of San Roque National High School (Grade 7) find difficulties in reading comprehension. Walker (1946) stated that â€Å"reading is an active process in which reader shift between sources of information (what they know and what the text says). The means of interpreting the text and responding to what they have read will be the factior also of the common problems in reading comprehension of San Roque National High School. The coginitive ability in reading comprehension contributes to the factors which may help the students to overcome the problem of reading comprehension of Grade 7 students in San Roque National High School. Statement of the Problem Specifically it sought to find answers to the following questions: 1. What are the difficulties in reading comprehension of Grade 7 section A students of San Roque National High School according to the following factors: a.Gender b. Age c. Family Income 2. What are the causes of reading comprehension difficulties of Grade 7 section A students of San Roque National High School according to the following factors: a. Gender b. Age c. Family Income 3. This study will help the researchers to determine the ways to overcome the ways to ovcrcome the difficulties of reading comprehension of Grade 7 section A students of San Roque National High School according to the following factors: a. Gender b. Age c. Family Income Basic Assumptions 1. This study will help the researchers to determine the difficulties in reading comprehension of Grade 7 section A students of San Roque National High School according to gender, age and family income. 2. This study will help the researchers to determine causes of difficulties in reading comprehension of Grade 7 section Astudents of San Roque National High School according to gender, age and family income. 3. This study will help the researches to determine the ways to overcome the difficulties in reading comprehension of Grade 7 section A students of San Roque National High School according to gender, age and family income. Significance of the Study The writers believe that the result of this study will be of great importance to the persons involved in the field of education such as: The Students. This research will help the students be aware of their problems in reading and find solutions. The Teachers. This research will guide the teachers on how to help their students understand their reading problems and provide them solutions. The Future Researchers. This will serve as a source of information and reference on the related field of their studies. Scope and Delimitation of the Study. This study is concerned on the common problems in reading comprehension of Grade 7 students in San Roque National High School, academic year 2013-2014. Grade 7 section A. Definition of Terms Difficulty. The quality or state of being difficult. Reading Comprehension. Understanding what is being read. Comprehension. The art of understanding. Family Income. The amount of such gain received in a period of time of a family. Economic Status. The condition of the person in relation to consumptions of goods and services. Receptive Psycholinguistic Process. Process wherein the actor uses strategies to create meaning from text. Vocabulary. all the words used by or known to a particular person or group, or contained in a language as a whole. Interpreting. to establish or explain the meaning or significance of something. Responding. to act or do something in reaction to something else. Cognitive ability. relating to the process of acquiring knowledge by the use of reasoning, intuition, or perception. ENDNOTES Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES Related Literature Reading comprehension is the capacity to identify and understand meanings communicated by the text. Once an individual understand the different letters that create words, and they can use their knowledge to identify words and then comprehend a message that a compilation of words will make. Walker (1946) explained that reading is an active process in which readers shift between sources of information, elaborate meaning and strategies, and check their interpretation and use of the social context to focus their response. Wardhaugh (1974) seems to agree that reading is an active, productive, and cognitive activity. He also pointed that reading involves an active search for information and interaction with the text. Anderson (1981) and Freebody (1983) said that vocabulary knowledge of a certain individual makes an important contribution to reading comprehension. In connection with the idea of Anderson (1981) and Freebody (1983), Hirsh and Nation (1992) and Laufer (1989) also stated that in order to gather greater vocabulary knowledge, reacting with the use of L2 (second language) should be acquired, Villa (2002) suggested that the student must be provided with basic skills in the use of the language as a tool for learning and for communicative competencies in business, science and technology. Related Studies Reviews of studies in the area of problems in reading comprehension revealed that researchers in this area concentrated on: (a) the â€Å"simple review† of reading, (b) strategy of using standardized test in reading accuracy, (c) causes of poor reading comprehension. Hoover and Gough’s analysis (1990) centered on the â€Å"simple review† of reading. Reading comprehension comprises two sets of skills, those concerned with decoding linguistic comprehension are necessary and neither skill on its own is sufficient if successful reading comprehension is to follow. Nation and Snowling’s study (1998) found that poor comprehenders read nonwords as quickly as control children. This experimental finding is confirmed by observations that poor comprehenders perform at age-appropriate levels on standardized tests of nonword reading accuracy. Nation and colleagues have used the strategy of matching poor comprehenders to control children on nonword reading. Another study conducted by Perfetti (1985) found that poor comprehension is a consequence of inadequate processing, lack of knowledge, or some combination of both processing and knowledge-based weaknesses. Synthesis-of-the-state of the Art The synthesis-of-the-state of the art presents the differences and similarities of the previous and the present studies. The present and previous studies have differences in the area of provlems in reading comprehension that the researchers studied. The study of Perfetti (1985) focused on the causes of poor reading comprehension. The study of Nation and Snowling (1998) focused on poor comprehenders on nonword reading. And Hoover and Gough’s analysis (1990) focused on the reading skills. Almost all studies identified the problems encountered by the respondents, the most prevalent one was the problem in reading comprehension. Walker (1946), Wardhaugh (1974), Anderson (1981), Freebody (1983) and Villa (2002) studies focused more on the contribution of reading comprehension to the individuals. Walker (1946) explained that reading is an active process that was agreed by Wardhaugh (1974) and said that reading is an activity, specifically, productive and cognitive activity and that reading involves an active search for information and interaction with the text. Anderson (1981) and Freebody (1983) focused on the vocabulary knowledge that makes an important contribution to reading comprehension that was seconded by Hirsh and Nation 1992 and Laufer (1989) that in order to gather vocabulary knowledge, the use of L2 as a second language should be required. While Villa (2002) that students must be provided with basic skills in the use of language as a tool for learning and for common competencies in business, science and technology. It may be observed that in the discussion of the studies stated above, in reading comprehension the thinking capabilities of students are a great factor in conducting the study. Theoretical Framework G identifies three main theories of reading comprehension. These theories are: Based on the schema theory, depending on how extensive their â€Å"files† become, their degree of reading comprehension may vary. Schema is the organized knowledge that is already has about people, places, things, and events. Each schema is â€Å"filed† in an individual compartment and stored there. In attempting to comprehend reading materials, students can relate this new information to the existing information they have compartmentalized in their minds, adding it to these â€Å"files† for future use. The mental modes can be thought of as a mind movie created in one’s head, based on the reading context. This model is reconstructed or updated to reflect the new circumstances as the situation changes, but the items important to the main character are kept in the foreground. The proposition theory involves the reader constructing a main idea or macrostructure as they process the text. These main ideas are organized in a hierarchical fashion with the most important things given the highest priority to be memorized. Conceptual Framework The conceptual framework is based on the systems approach, which shows the interplay of the four major elements such as the Input, Output and Feedback. Input is made up of the profile of the 30 students of Grade 7 in San Roque National High School who serve as the respondents of this study in terms of age, genders, family income and the common problems in reading comprehension of the respondents. Process is the distribution and retrieval of survey questionnaire, analysis and interpretation of data. Output is the determining of the problems in reading comprehension of Grade 7 students in San Roque National High School. Feedback is the response and goal of the research which determine the common problems in reading comprehension of Grade 7 students in San Roque National High School. FEEDBACK ENDNOTES Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY Research Design The researchers used the descriptive method in analyzing and revealing the common problems in reading comprehension. The causes of reading comprehension difficulties and the ways to overcome the difficulties in reading comprehension of Grade 7-Ruby student in San Roque National High School S. Y. 2013-2014. The Subject The respondents of this study were the Grade 7-Ruby students of San Roque National High School. The Research Instruments The researchers used a questionnaire to determine and collect accurate information that identify the common problems in reading comprehension of Grade 7-Ruby students of San Roque National High School, and the possible ways to overcome the difficulty. Data Gathering Procedure Survey questionnaire was given twice to the students for the dry run and finalization. The data’s and information from the survey questionnaire will be used in the summary of the study. Statistical Treatment of Data To facilitate the analysis, interpretation and the presentation of data, the appropriate statistical tools were chosen and applied. In this study, frequency, percentage distribution and ranking were used. Below is the formula used in computing the percentage. P(%) = f/n x 100 Wherein: P = unknown f = frequency n = ENDNOTES CHAPTER 4. COMMON PROBLEMS IN READING COMPREHENSION OF GRADE 7 SECTION RUBY STUDENTS IN SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL This chapter dealt with the presentation, analysis and interpretation of data gathered through the use of a survey questionnaire. The discussion and analysis of data are focused on the common problems in Reading Comprehension according to Gender, Age and Family income, causes of the problem, the ways to overcome the problems and same with the profile of the respondents. The respondents of this study were the Grade 7 section Ruby students. The coverage of the study was extended to thirty-five respondents. I. Profile of the Respondents This part described the profile of the respondents in terms of Age, Gender and Family Income. Table 1. 1 Age of the Respondents Age Frequency Percentage % Rank 12 17 49 1 13 16 46 2 14 1 2. 5 3 15 0 0 – 16 0 0 – 17 1 2. 5 3 Total 35 100% Table 1. 1 shows the age of the respondents and range from twelve to seventeen years old. It could be noted from the table that 17 out of 35 respondents or 49% belong to the age twelve, ranked first; 16 or 46% belong to age thirteen, ranked second;1 or 5% belong to age fourteen and seventeen, ranked third. It is implied that most of the students belong to the age bracket of 12 years old. Table 1. 2 Gender of the Respondents Gender Frequency Percentage Rank Male 14 40% 2 Female 21 60% 1 Total 35 100% Table 1. 2 shows the gender of the respondents. It could be noted from the table that 40% belong to male respondents and 60% belong to the female. It is implied that most of the students are females. Table 1. 3 Monthly Family Income of the Respondents Monthly Income Frequency Percentage % Rank 500-5000 Php 12 34. 4 % 2 5000-15 000 Php 17 48. 6 % 1 15 000-25 000 Php 4 11. 4 % 3. 25 000-30 000 Php 2 5. 7% 4 Total 35 100 % Table 1. 3 shows the monthly family income of the respondents ranging from the starting amount of 500. 00 Php (Five Hundred Pesos) to 30 000. 00 Php (Thirty Thousand Pesos). It could be noted from the table that 34. 3 % belong to the respondents who’s family’s income ranges from 5000-15 000 Php ranking to the 1st place; 34. 3% belong to the respondents who’s family’s income ranges from 500-5000 Php; ranking the 2nd place, 11. 4 belong to the respondents who’s familys’s income ranges from 15 000-25 000 Php; ranking the 3rd place; and 5. 7 belongs to the respondents family’s income ranges from 25 000-30 000; ranking 4th place. It is implied that majority of the respondents belong to 5000-15 000 Php monthly family income. II. Difficulties in Reading Comprehension a. Age Table 1. 4 Difficulties Most Difficult More Difficult Less Difficult Least Difficult f % f % f % f % Difficulties in understanding 2 5. 71% 16 45. 71% 16 45. 71% 1 2. 9% Difficulties in understanding unfamiliar words 2 5. 71% 19 54. 29% 11 31. 4% 3 8. 6% Difficulties in finding reading materials 2 5. 71% 9 45. 71% 21 60% 3 8. 6% Total 5. 7% 41. 9% 45. 7% 6. 7% Table 1. 4 shows the age of the respondents according to their difficulties in reading comprehension. It could be noted from the table that 5. 7% of the respondents say that understanding sentences is the most difficult; 5. 7 % says that it is more difficult another 45. 71% of the respondents says that it is less difficult and 2. 9% says that it is least difficult. b. Gender Table 1. 5 Difficulties Most Difficult More Difficult Less Difficult Least Difficult f % f % f % f % Difficulties in understanding 7 20% 4 11. 4% 21 60% 3 8. 6% Difficulties in understanding unfamiliar words 2 5. 71% 20 57. 1% 10 28. 6% 3 8. 6% Difficulties in finding reading materials 3 8. 6% 7 20% 18 51. 4% 7 20% Total 11. 4% 29. 5% 46. 7% 12. 4% c. Family Income Table 1. 6 Difficulties Most Difficult More Difficult Less Difficult Least Difficult f % f % f % f % Difficulties in understanding 3 8. 6% 9 25. 7% 19 54. 3% 4 11. 4% Difficulties in understanding unfamiliar words 8 22. 9% 11 31. 4% 13 37. 1% 3 8. 6% Difficulties in finding reading materials 3 8. 6% 12 34. 3% 15 42. 9% 5 14. 3% Total 13. 4% 30. 5% 44. 8% 11. 4% III. Causes of Reading Comprehension Difficulties a. Age Table 1. 7 Causes 12 13 14 15 16 17 f % f % f % f % f % f % a. Lack of reading materials 4 23. 5% 6 37. 5% 1 100% 0 0 0 0 0 11. 4% b. Cannot afford to buy reading materials 9 52. 9% 11 68. 8% 0 0% 0 0 0 0 0 8. 6% c. No time for reading 9 52. 9% 3 18. 8% 0 0% 0 0 0 0 0 14. 3% d. no interest in reading 3 17. 6% 3 18. 8% 1 100% 0 0 0 0 0 e. Exposure to computers rather than books 3 17. 6% 4 25% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f. visual impairment 1 11. 8% 4 25% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 g. spend more time in watching T. V. 14 82. 4% 13 81. 3% 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 25% Total 17 37% 16 39. 3% 1 28. 6 0 0 0 0 Table 1. 7 shows the age bracket of the respondents according to the causes of reading comprehension difficulties. It could be noted from the table that the respondents who are 12 years old says that spending more time in watching television is the number 1 cause of their reading comprehension difficulties with 82. 4 %. For the respondents age 13 with 81. 3% says that spending more time watching television is the number 1 cause of their reading comprehension difficulties. 100% from their age of 17 stated that spending more time in watching television is the cause of their reading comprehension difficulties. None of the respondents are aligned in the age 15-16 years old. b. Gender Table 1. 8 MALE CAUSES f % Rank a. Lack of reading materials 5 35. 7 3rd b. Cannot afford to buy reading materials 7 50 2nd c. No time for reading 5 35. 7 3rd d. no interest in reading 5 35. 7 3rd e. Exposure to computers rather than books 3 21. 4 4th f. visual impairment 0 0 g. spend more time in watching T. V. 11 78. 6 1st Total 36 36. 7 FEMALE CAUSES f % Rank a. Lack of reading materials 6 28. 6 4th b. Cannot afford to buy reading materials 11 52. 4 2nd c. No time for reading 9 42. 9 3rd d. no interest in reading 3 14. 3 6th e. Exposure to computers rather than books 4 19. 0 5th f. visual impairment. 6 28. 6 4th g. spend more time in watching T. V. 17 8. 0 1st Total 21 38. 1 Table 1. 8 shows the gender of the respondents according to the causes of reading comprehension difficulties. It could be noted from the table that 78. 6% of males says that spending more time is watching the females says that spending more time in watching television is the cause of their reading comprehension difficulty. It is implied that females are more close to the addressed on that cause in reading comprehension difficulty which is spending more time in watching television. c. Family Income Table 1. 9.

Talking to the Enemy - 1934 Words

Psych 253 Book Review: Talking to the Enemy Richard Marion In his book Talking to the Enemy (2010), Scott Atran uses his experiences in the countries often perceived as the origin of most global terrorist actions against the United States combined with scientific proof from a wide variety of sources to argue for new methods of understanding and stopping terrorism as it exists today. Though many examples and analyses of terrorist acts are examined in the book along with many different explanations for the social and psychological mechanisms that may cause them, one of the central ideas is the power of social bonds to drive people to commit actions that they never would have considered alone. This paper will analyze Atrans argument as†¦show more content†¦389), without a more diverse selection to examine it is hard to 2 say whether the students relative willingness to kill non-Muslims is resultant from their perception of non-Muslims as less like them or if it has been drawn directly from the teachings they have received. It should be noted that another finding of social psychology is that attitudes and behaviour are generally not strongly correlated (Eibach, 2012) and that when taken alone the interviews do not show a direct correlation with violent actions. However, other references that are made both in the book and within Atrans research does lead to a more conclusive link. Ultimately despite the weakness of its small sample size and the fact that it only shows an explicit attitude rather than behaviours that might be resultant from that attitude, the research is persuasive in that it shows a clear link between the degree to which outsiders are seen as being unlike the students and the degree to which they display hostile attitudes towards outsiders. In addition, this has been shown in a way th at is highly relevant to ideas and facts presented in Talking to the Enemy, in that the students from the JI affiliated madrasa were far more likely than the others to endorse violence, and in fact within the same study it is stated that â€Å"JI-linked madrasa attendance rates of the jihadists that took part in... (a number of prolific bombings) are 19 times greater than the highest estimated rates of the general population.†Show MoreRelatedSimilarities And Differences Between Greece And Rome1457 Words   |  6 Pagesvocal points when bringing up similarities and differences between Greece and Rome. The two vocal points I feel strongly about are both their military and leadership. When talking about their militaries we have two of the strongest forces to ever grace the earth. When talking about their respective cultures we are talking about beliefs that spread nationwide. These are the similarities and differences between Greece and Rome. If there was anything that Rome and Greece where known for itRead MoreHow Small Details Influence a Victory in Orson Scott Card’s Ender’s Game700 Words   |  3 Pagesabout battle school. He was explaining the battles to her and said, â€Å" Every time, I’ve won because I could understand the way my enemy thought† (Card 238). 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That’s how confused he wants you to be. He wants you to get to a place where he is saying some stuff that sounds so enticing, and you think that it’s God talking, and it seems like you ought to go for it because it looksRead MoreNegative Effects Of Video Games1042 Words   |  5 Pages There are different places you are able to play, like abandoned building, deserted areas, or camps. You are also able to play solo against a computer generated enemy and the idea of the game is the same. There are several different weapon choices, including automatic guns, grenades, and knives, that make it possible to kill the enemy. Though this game may be violent, there are some positive effects to playing it. Thinking is an important skill that everyone does everyday. Quick thinking is somethingRead MoreEssay On How Someone Can Ruin Everything704 Words   |  3 Pageswith one person and enemies with the other. Jamie would detest one and desire the other. 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Many people would never think of making